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å ç¢ãªã»ã«ããµãŒãã¹ã«ã¿ãã°ã«ã¯ãéåžžã以äžã®æ§æèŠçŽ ãå«ãŸããŸãïŒ
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- ãã£ã«ã¿ãªã³ã°ãšãã¡ã»ããïŒ APIã¿ã€ãïŒREST, GraphQLïŒãèªèšŒæ¹æ³ïŒOAuth, APIããŒïŒãæéãã©ã³ãªã©ã®åºæºã«åºã¥ããŠAPIããã£ã«ã¿ãªã³ã°ããæ©èœã
- APIããã¥ã¡ã³ããŒã·ã§ã³ïŒ åAPIã®ç®çããšã³ããã€ã³ãããªã¯ãšã¹ã/ã¬ã¹ãã³ã¹åœ¢åŒãã³ãŒããµã³ãã«ãå«ããæç¢ºã§å æ¬çãªããã¥ã¡ã³ããããã¯å€ãã®å ŽåãOpenAPIïŒSwaggerïŒãŸãã¯åæ§ã®ä»æ§ã«ãã£ãŠé§åãããŸãã
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- APIã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ãšãã«ã¹ã¢ãã¿ãªã³ã°ïŒ APIã®å¯çšæ§ãšããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ã«é¢ãããªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã æ å ±ã
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1. APIæŠç¥ãå®çŸ©ãã
ã»ã«ããµãŒãã¹ã«ã¿ãã°ãæ§ç¯ããåã«ãå šäœçãªAPIæŠç¥ãå®çŸ©ããããšãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããããã«ã¯ä»¥äžãå«ãŸããŸãïŒ
- ã¿ãŒã²ãããªãŒãã£ãšã³ã¹ã®ç¹å®ïŒ 誰ã®ããã«APIãæ§ç¯ããŠããŸããïŒç€Ÿå éçºè ïŒå€éšããŒãããŒïŒäžè¬ã®éçºè ïŒ
- APIã®ç®æšã®å®çŸ©ïŒ APIã§äœãéæããããšããŠããŸããïŒåçã®ä¿é²ïŒå¹çã®åäžïŒã€ãããŒã·ã§ã³ã®ä¿é²ïŒ
- é©åãªAPIã¢ãŒããã¯ãã£ã®éžæïŒ REST, GraphQL, gRPC, ãŸãã¯ãã®ä»ïŒ
- APIã¬ããã³ã¹ããªã·ãŒã®ç¢ºç«ïŒ APIã®å質ãã»ãã¥ãªãã£ãäžè²«æ§ãã©ã®ããã«ç¢ºä¿ããŸããïŒ
- APIã©ã€ããµã€ã¯ã«ç®¡çããã»ã¹ã®å®çŸ©ïŒ èšèšããéæšå¥šãŸã§ãAPIã©ã€ããµã€ã¯ã«å šäœãã©ã®ããã«ç®¡çããŸããïŒ
2. é©åãªãã©ãããã©ãŒã ãéžæãã
éçºè ããŒã¿ã«ãšã»ã«ããµãŒãã¹ã«ã¿ãã°ãæ§ç¯ããã«ã¯ãããã€ãã®éžæè¢ããããŸãïŒ
- åçšAPI管çãã©ãããã©ãŒã ïŒ ãããã®ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ïŒäŸïŒApigee, Kong, MulesoftïŒã¯ãéçºè ããŒã¿ã«æ©èœãå«ãå æ¬çãªAPIç®¡çæ©èœãæäŸããŸãã
- ãªãŒãã³ãœãŒã¹ã®APIã²ãŒããŠã§ã€ãšéçºè ããŒã¿ã«ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ïŒ ãããã®ããŒã«ïŒäŸïŒTyk, Gravitee.io, Gatsby with OpenAPIïŒã¯ãããé«ãæè»æ§ãšå¶åŸ¡ãæäŸããŸãããèšå®ãšä¿å®ã«ã¯ããå€ãã®æè¡çå°éç¥èãå¿ èŠã§ãã
- ã«ã¹ã¿ã ãã«ãããŒã¿ã«ïŒ ããŒã¿ã«ããŒãããæ§ç¯ãããšãæå€§éã®ã«ã¹ã¿ãã€ãºãå¯èœã«ãªããŸãããæãæéãšè²»çšããããéžæè¢ã§ããããŸãã
ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ãéžæããéã«ã¯ãç¹å®ã®ããŒãºãšãªãœãŒã¹ãèæ ®ããŠãã ãããå€§èŠæš¡ãªçµç¹ã§è€éãªAPIããŒãºãããå Žåã¯åçšãã©ãããã©ãŒã ãæé©ãªéžæè¢ãããããŸããããæè¡çå°éç¥èãè±å¯ãªå°èŠæš¡ãªçµç¹ã«ã¯ãªãŒãã³ãœãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãé©ããŠããå ŽåããããŸãã
3. APIããã¥ã¡ã³ããŒã·ã§ã³ãåªå ãã
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- æ£ç¢ºïŒ ããã¥ã¡ã³ããAPIã®çŸåšã®ç¶æ ãæ£ç¢ºã«åæ ããŠããããšã確èªããŸãã
- å®å šïŒ ãšã³ããã€ã³ãããªã¯ãšã¹ã/ã¬ã¹ãã³ã¹åœ¢åŒãèªèšŒæ¹æ³ããšã©ãŒã³ãŒããªã©ãAPIã®ãã¹ãŠã®åŽé¢ãã«ããŒããŸãã
- çè§£ããããïŒ å¯èœãªéãå°éçšèªãé¿ããæç¢ºã§ç°¡æœãªèšèã䜿çšããŸãã
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- ææ°ïŒ APIãžã®å€æŽãåæ ããããã«ãããã¥ã¡ã³ãã宿çã«æŽæ°ããŸãã
OpenAPIïŒSwaggerïŒã®ãããªããŒã«ã¯ãAPIå®çŸ©ããAPIããã¥ã¡ã³ããŒã·ã§ã³ã®çæãèªååããããã¥ã¡ã³ããåžžã«ææ°ã§ããããšãä¿èšŒããŸãããã¹ãŠã®APIã§äžè²«æ§ãä¿ã€ããã«ãããã¥ã¡ã³ããŒã·ã§ã³ã®ã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã¬ã€ãã®äœ¿çšãæ€èšããŠãã ããã
4. ã€ã³ã¿ã©ã¯ãã£ããªAPIã³ã³ãœãŒã«ãæäŸãã
ã€ã³ã¿ã©ã¯ãã£ããªAPIã³ã³ãœãŒã«ã䜿çšãããšãéçºè ã¯ã³ãŒããäžåæžããã«ãã«ã¿ãã°ããçŽæ¥APIããã¹ãã§ããŸããããã¯ãAPIã®æ©èœã調æ»ããAPIã®äœ¿ç𿹿³ãçè§£ããããã®è²ŽéãªããŒã«ã§ãã
å€ãã®API管çãã©ãããã©ãŒã ããªãŒãã³ãœãŒã¹ããŒã«ã¯ãçµã¿èŸŒã¿ã®ã€ã³ã¿ã©ã¯ãã£ããªAPIã³ã³ãœãŒã«ãæäŸããŠããŸããã«ã¹ã¿ã ããŒã¿ã«ãæ§ç¯ããŠããå Žåã¯ããµãŒãããŒãã£ã®APIã³ã³ãœãŒã«ã©ã€ãã©ãªãçµ±åã§ããŸãã
5. ã³ãŒããµã³ãã«ãšSDKãæäŸãã
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APIå®çŸ©ããSDKãèªåçã«çæããããã«ãã³ãŒãçæããŒã«ã®äœ¿çšãæ€èšããŠãã ããã
6. APIããŒç®¡çãå®è£ ãã
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éçºè ãAPIããŒãèŠæ±ã管çãåãæ¶ãããããã®æç¢ºã§çŽæçãªã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ãæäŸããŠãã ããã
7. APIã®çºèŠãšæ€çŽ¢ãå¯èœã«ãã
匷åãªæ€çŽ¢ãšã³ãžã³ãå®è£ ãããã£ã«ã¿ãªã³ã°ãšãã¡ã»ããæ©èœãæäŸããããšã§ãéçºè ãå¿ èŠãªAPIãç°¡åã«èŠã€ããããããã«ããŸããé¢é£ããããŒã¯ãŒããã¿ã°ã䜿çšããŠãAPIã®çºèŠå¯èœæ§ãé«ããŠãã ããã
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8. ã³ãã¥ããã£ãšãµããŒããè²æãã
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ãã©ãŒã©ã ãç©æ¥µçã«ç£èŠãã質åã«è¿ éã«å¯Ÿå¿ããŠãã ãããFAQããã©ãã«ã·ã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã¬ã€ããåãããã¬ããžããŒã¹ã®äœæãæ€èšããŠãã ããã
9. APIã®äœ¿çšç¶æ³ãšããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ã远跡ãã
APIã®äœ¿çšç¶æ³ãšããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãç£èŠããŠãæ¹åã®äœå°ãããé åãç¹å®ããŸããAPIã³ãŒã«æ°ãå¿çæéããšã©ãŒçãªã©ã®ã¡ããªã¯ã¹ã远跡ããŸãã
ãã®ããŒã¿ã䜿çšããŠAPIãæé©åããéçºè ãšã¯ã¹ããªãšã³ã¹ãåäžãããŸãã
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